How are the various types of hinges described and how do I measure them?
The images below show some of the various hinge types that can be used around the home and garden. The arrows indicate how each hinge should be measured in order to obtain the correct size for your requirements. This basic guide will assist you in finding the correct type of hinge and specifying the size you need when ordering. 
From left to right these hinge types are as follows:
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Butt hinge (most common type for doors) The hinge shown is a satinless steel ball bearing hinge JV9500 used by most developers. These hinges are also fire tested.
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Projection hinge (used where the door opens up to 180° and clears a projection)
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Parliament hinge (used where the door opens up to 180° and clears a projection)
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Double action spring hinge. These hinges are used when you require the door to swing both ways like a saloon door.
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Working hinge or gate hinge. These hinges are mainly in black antique finish as this style was popular in this time period.